France

claimed La Tour d'Argent dates its founding — the house's own claim, undocumented La Tour d'Argent

The Marché des Enfants Rouges opens in the Marais — the oldest covered market in Paris Marché des Enfants Rouges

Louis XIV takes Charles Dalloyau from the Prince de Condé as officier de bouche Dalloyau

Procopio Cutò opens Le Procope — the first house in France to call itself a café Le Procope

The building that becomes Le Yaca is raised in the old village of Saint-Tropez

Stohrer opens on rue Montorgueil Stohrer

Nicolas Ruinart writes in his ledger on 1 September that he is starting a business in wine with bubbles — the first champagne house Maison Ruinart

Nicolas Stohrer opens on rue Montorgueil, bringing pastry, wafers, gingerbread and sugar work under one roof Stohrer

Jacques Fourneaux founds the house that becomes Taittinger Champagne Taittinger

Moët is founded at Épernay Moët & Chandon

Louis XV commissions Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build twin palaces on the Place de la Concorde Hôtel de Crillon

Pierre-Jean Bernard opens Maison Bernard on the rue du Faubourg Montmartre À la Mère de Famille

Lapérouse opens on the quai des Grands-Augustins Lapérouse Holding

Ruinart buys the crayères beneath Reims — chalk quarries dug in Roman times, later listed and UNESCO-inscribed Maison Ruinart

The house that becomes Veuve Clicquot is founded; Madame Clicquot takes it in 1805 at twenty-seven Veuve Clicquot

Victor Louis builds the Grand Hôtel opposite his own opera house at Bordeaux

Sulpice Debauve mixes Marie-Antoinette's medicine into cocoa and presses the first solid chocolate Debauve & Gallais

Doyen begins trading on the Champs-Élysées; the pavilion built 1842 by Hittorff Pavillon Ledoyen

Louis XVI is guillotined on the square in front of the future Crillon Hôtel de Crillon

Debauve opens his chocolate house on the Rive Gauche Debauve & Gallais

Jean-Baptiste Dalloyau opens the first Maison de gastronomie and invents food to take away Dalloyau

A widowed descendant renames the shop À la Mère de Famille À la Mère de Famille

Les Deux Magots begins as a novelty and fabric shop named after a play Les Deux Magots

Percier and Fontaine build the shop at 30 rue des Saints-Pères; royal warrant granted Debauve & Gallais

Antoine-Étienne Dalloyau opens the first Parisian tea room Dalloyau

Jean-Jacques Ducasse buys vineyard parcels from Château Figeac; the land becomes Château Cheval Blanc Cheval Blanc

Jean-Jacques Ducasse buys vineyard parcels from Château Figeac; the land becomes Cheval Blanc Château Cheval Blanc

Charles-Augustin Meurice opens Le Meurice on the rue de Rivoli — the first Paris palace hotel Le Meurice

Aristide Boucicaut becomes a partner at Le Bon Marché and replaces haggling with fixed prices, refunds and a reading room Le Bon Marché

Aristide Boucicaut opens Le Bon Marché — fixed prices, low margins, goods on open display Le Bon Marché

The Pereire brothers buy the ground north of the boulevard des Capucines, meaning to build a luxury quarter connected to the railway stations they own The Pereire Brothers — Isaac & Émile

Henri and Édouard Mariage found their tea house in Paris on 1 June Mariage Frères

Napoleon III builds the Villa Eugénie at Biarritz for the Empress; it becomes the Hôtel du Palais in 1893

Queen Victoria stays at Le Meurice on her state visit to Paris Le Meurice

Pommery is founded at Reims; its cellars later become an exhibition space for contemporary art Champagne Pommery

Haussmann’s decree of 29 September fixes rectilinear, uniform façades on the new streets around the Opéra — the frontage the grand hotel needs to exist Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann

Le Grand Hôtel is inaugurated by Empress Eugénie on 5 May with 800 rooms and 45 salons, built in fourteen months; Café de la Paix opens with it on 30 June The Pereire Brothers — Isaac & Émile

Louis-Ernest Ladurée opens on rue Royale; Jeanne Souchard later invents the tea room Ladurée

Le Grand Hôtel opens beside the Paris Opéra, built for the Second Empire

Jules Jaluzot opens Printemps on the boulevard Haussmann Printemps

Hippolyte de Villemessant of Le Figaro builds the Villa Soleil at Cap d'Antibes as a retreat for writers Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

Ernest Cognacq opens La Samaritaine by the Pont Neuf La Samaritaine

The Grand Hôtel du Cap is inaugurated in February with a fifteen-course dinner for a hundred guests Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

The original Procope closes; the premises pass through a club and a restaurant Le Procope

Printemps installs an iron bridge between its buildings and two lifts Printemps

Maupassant describes the Sube in Sur l'eau, calling it the Hôtel du Bailli de Suffren

The Park Hyatt Paris-Vendôme building rises on the rue de la Paix; it opens as a hotel in 2002

The first Orient Express leaves Paris for Constantinople on 4 October Orient Express

Les Deux Magots becomes a café, keeping the name and the two Chinese figures Les Deux Magots

Auguste Fauchon opens his fine-foods shop on the place de la Madeleine Fauchon

Sénéquier opens on the Quai Jean-Jaurès Sénéquier

Antoine Sella opens the Grand Hôtel du Cap as a hotel, having bought it in 1887 Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

Le Voltaire opens on the quai, in the house where Voltaire died Le Voltaire

The Saint James is built in Paris as a foundation for scholars; it becomes a hotel in 1986

Bader and Kahn open a 70 m² shop on the rue La Fayette Galeries Lafayette

Ritz and Escoffier buy the Hôtel de Gramont and Hôtel Crozat on the Place Vendôme Ritz Paris

The Ritz Paris opens on the Place Vendôme Ritz Paris

Arthur Million expands Le Meurice; a stray greyhound becomes the house emblem Le Meurice

Louis Fouquet opens a coachman's bar at the Champs-Élysées; the hotel follows in 2006

Le Train Bleu opens inside the Gare de Lyon for the Exposition Universelle of 1900 Le Train Bleu

claimed La Guérite — the house's claim; other sources 1935 La Guérite

Antoine Rumpelmayer opens Angelina on the rue de Rivoli Angelina

Les Crayères is built at Reims for the Pommery family; it opens as a hotel in 1983

The Société du Louvre buys the Crillon mansion from the Polignac heirs to make it a hotel Hôtel de Crillon

The Hôtel Majestic opens on the avenue Kléber; it reopens as The Peninsula Paris in 2014

César Ritz registers the Ritz name as a brand in Paris and London Ritz Paris

The Grand-Hôtel du Cap-Ferrat opens on its own peninsula

Androuët opens in Paris and makes the cheese cellar a place customers enter Androuët

The Hôtel Royal opens at Évian for the Empress of France

The Hôtel Royal opens at Évian above the lake

The Hôtel de Crillon opens on 11 March, converted by Walter-André Destailleur Hôtel de Crillon

The Lutetia opens on the boulevard Raspail, built by the Bon Marché for its suppliers

The New York Bar opens at 5 rue Daunou on Thanksgiving Day, its fittings shipped from Manhattan Harry's New York Bar, Paris

Albert Keller forms the Ritz-Carlton Investing Company, franchising the name in the United States Ritz Paris

Benoît opens in Paris Benoît

Le Normandy opens at Deauville, built as a Norman manor in half-timber

François André takes the Deauville casino; the Barrière group grows from it Barrière

The Hôtel Plaza Athénée opens on the avenue Montaigne, days after the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées Hôtel Plaza Athénée

The Carlton opens on the Croisette at Cannes

Le Negresco opens on the Promenade des Anglais, built by Henri Negresco

The Eden Roc pavilion is built 400 yards from the Grand Hôtel du Cap Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

Germain Passédat acquires Le Petit Nice at the Anse de Maldormé, Marseille

Picasso holds his wedding banquet at Le Meurice Le Meurice

The international delegations draft the Covenant of the League of Nations in the Crillon's salons Hôtel de Crillon

Paul Roux, a farmer's son, opens the café-bar Chez Robinson at Saint-Paul-de-Vence

The Ritz Paris bar is opened by Frank Meier; it is renamed for Hemingway in 1994 Bar Hemingway, Ritz Paris

The Cambon bar opens at the Ritz Paris; women are made to wait outside in the Dog House Ritz Paris

Louis Alexandre Raimon is born at Saint-Tropez; he apprentices in Cannes at sixteen Alexandre de Paris

Harry MacElhone buys the bar and gives it his name Harry's New York Bar, Paris

The first food counter inside a department store opens at Le Bon Marché La Grande Épicerie

La Grande Épicerie opens within Le Bon Marché La Grande Épicerie

Hippolyte Jammet buys the Castellane mansion on the Faubourg Saint-Honoré Le Bristol Paris

Le Bristol opens in April, named for the 4th Earl of Bristol Le Bristol Paris

Hemingway names Harry's in The Sun Also Rises Harry's New York Bar, Paris

⚑ the spa is undated The Hôtel Barrière Le Majestic opens on the Croisette, built by Théo Petit — the house that later carries the U Spa, now the Spa Diane Barrière; ⚑ the spa’s own opening year is not established U Spa by Barrière

The Majestic opens at Cannes

Caviar Kaspia opens at 17 place de la Madeleine Caviar Kaspia

Jean and Madeleine Carette open their tea room on the place du Trocadéro Carette

Le Royal Monceau opens on the avenue Hoche

The Hôtel George V opens on its avenue, financed by Joel Hillman at $31m Hôtel George V

Emmanuel Martinez opens the Hôtel Martinez on the Croisette

Jean-Baptiste and Marie Troisgros open the Hôtel des Platanes in Roanne Maison Troisgros

La Voile d'Or opens at Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat Voile d'Or (The Collection)

Pierre Desfontaines joins two macaron shells with ganache at Ladurée Ladurée

The George V charters flights to London, Madrid and Berlin on its own three-seat Farman Hôtel George V

The Hôtel de Paris opens at the village entrance — the first luxury hotel in Saint-Tropez

François Dupré buys the George V after Hillman loses it to his lenders Hôtel George V

Carpentras truffle brokers open Maison de la Truffe on the place de la Madeleine Maison de la Truffe

claimed Paul and Baptistine Roux turn Le Robinson into a three-room inn and rename it La Colombe d'Or

Roux hangs the sign: lodging here for man, horse or painter — artists begin paying in pictures

Les Deux Magots founds its literary prize Les Deux Magots

Lapérouse takes three Michelin stars, held until 1968 Lapérouse Holding

Fitzgerald opens Tender Is the Night with the Hôtel du Cap, as the Hôtel des Étrangers Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

La Résidence de la Pinède begins operating on the Baie des Canoubiers

The Ritz manager's American wife stages a sit-in and the Cambon bar admits women Ritz Paris

Château Saint-Martin opens above Vence in a twelfth-century Templar commandery

The south becomes the free zone; artists and writers move to the coast and the Colombe d'Or becomes their meeting place

Rosy and Maria Carita reach Paris; their first salon opens in 1945 on the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré Carita

Eisenhower is housed at the George V during the Liberation of Paris Hôtel George V

Raymond Thuilier takes the Oustau de Baumanière at Les Baux-de-Provence

Yves Montand and Simone Signoret meet at the Colombe d'Or

Cap Estel opens on its own peninsula at Èze-sur-Mer

La Chèvre d'Or opens at Èze in the medieval village above the sea

La Ponche opens at Saint-Tropez in the fishermen's quarter

Paul Roux lies dying; Titine tells Picasso the house owns no work of his and returns with three paintings

Cheval Blanc is classified Premier Grand Cru Classé A in the first Saint-Émilion classification Cheval Blanc

Jacques Dessange opens his first salon in Paris, having been dismissed twelve times in a year Dessange

Jacques Courtin-Clarins opens an institute at 35 rue Tronchet — a spa that became a cosmetics house Clarins Spa & myBlend

The Taittinger family acquires the Hôtel de Crillon Hôtel de Crillon

Marcel and Nelly Tilloy found Les Relais de Campagne on 12 May at Le Chapon Fin, Thoissey, with eight houses Relais & Châteaux

Club 55 begins feeding the cast of Et Dieu… créa la femme at Pampelonne Club 55

Le Girelier opens on the port at Saint-Tropez Le Girelier

Dalloyau creates the gâteau Opéra Dalloyau

Troisgros takes its first Michelin star Maison Troisgros

Gaston Lenôtre buys a small bakery in the 16th arrondissement Lenôtre

Harry MacElhone dies; most of the bar's cocktail claims date from after this Harry's New York Bar, Paris

EPAD is created by decree on 9 September; the CNIT is inaugurated three days later and Malraux says nothing like it has been built since the Gothic cathedrals La Défense, Paris

Jean-Prosper Gay-Para hears of Byblos in Beirut and resolves to build one at Saint-Tropez

Gilbert Bécaud releases “Nathalie” in May, naming a café in Moscow that does not exist Gilbert Bécaud

The Beatles stay at the George V during their Paris Olympia run and write in a suite with a piano Hôtel George V

Sofitel opens its first hotel at Strasbourg Sofitel Hotels & Resorts

Construction begins on the Byblos in a Phoenician-Tropezian style

Dessange puts his name on ten salons he does not work in — the hand, franchised Dessange

Les Caves du Roy opens beneath the Byblos in July; its creator sells the hotel on 19 September Les Caves du Roy

The Byblos is inaugurated on 27 May with Bardot and Mireille Darc among 700 guests

Les Caves du Roy opens in July Les Caves du Roy

Gay-Para sells the Byblos to Sylvain Floirat in September, months after opening

Paul Dubrule and Gérard Pélisson open the first Novotel at Lille Sofitel Hotels & Resorts

Jocelyne and Jean-Louis Sibuet open their first house at Megève Maisons & Hôtels Sibuet

Troisgros takes three stars — held unbroken ever since Maison Troisgros

French radicals raid Fauchon on the Place de la Madeleine and distribute its foie gras to the poor Fauchon L'Hôtel

French radicals raid Fauchon and distribute its foie gras to the poor Fauchon

The Grand Hôtel de Cala Rossa opens in Corsica under the Canarelli family

Lenôtre opens his cooking school at Plaisir Lenôtre

Mick and Bianca Jagger marry at the Byblos

Air France founds Le Méridien as a home away from home for its passengers Le Méridien — the independent company

Guérard moves to Eugénie-les-Bains; the property takes the name Les Prés d’Eugénie and the restaurant receives one Michelin star

Michel and Christine Guérard open Les Prés d'Eugénie at Eugénie-les-Bains

Les Prés d’Eugénie receives a second star; Grande Cuisine Minceur is formalised in the thermal setting

Teritoria begins as a French association of producer-led hotels and restaurants Teritoria

⚑ disputed Le Girelier is trading on the Saint-Tropez port — ⚑ the house gives its own age as more than fifty years in French and as over a decade in its own English translation, and the trade press says fifteen; the year here is the earliest those claims allow and is not established Le Girelier

The d'Ornano family take over the house that becomes Sisley Sisley Spa

Charles Ritz dies; his widow Monique takes the Ritz Paris Ritz Paris

Les Prés d’Eugénie receives three Michelin stars

Le Petit Nice takes its first Michelin star

Le Palace opens on 1 March with Grace Jones singing La Vie en Rose Le Palace

Les Bains Douches opens in the 1885 Guerbois baths, interiors by Philippe Starck Les Bains Douches

Roland Barthes reviews Le Palace for Vogue Hommes as a total art Le Palace

The Oetker family buys Le Bristol Le Bristol Paris

The Ritz family sells the Ritz Paris to Mohamed Al-Fayed and his brothers Ritz Paris

Château de la Messardière opens above Saint-Tropez

Dessange introduces balayage Dessange

Fabrice Emaer dies; Le Palace begins changing hands Le Palace

Mariage Frères opens its first tea room, 132 years after founding Mariage Frères

Jean-Paul Hévin opens Le Petit Boulé on the avenue de la Motte-Picquet Jean-Paul Hévin

Ponant is founded in Nantes by officers of the French merchant marine Ponant

The Grande Arche completes the axis from the Louvre, four kilometres away La Défense, Paris

Esprit de France forms around historic French buildings Esprit de France

Villa Gallici opens at Aix-en-Provence

Raymonde Fenestraz opens Les Airelles at Courchevel, Austro-Hungarian in style, by the architect Richard Ferbach Airelles

Raymonde Fenestraz opens Les Airelles at Courchevel Raymonde Fenestraz

Les Airelles goes international on the Albertville Olympics and joins The Leading Hotels of the World Airelles

Auberge de La Ferme aux Grives opens in a restored farmhouse on the estate

The VIP Room opens at Saint-Tropez VIP Room

The Prix de Flore is founded by Frédéric Beigbeder Café de Flore

Jean-Louis Costes opens Hôtel Costes on the rue Saint-Honoré, interiors by Jacques Garcia

Le Palace closes as a nightclub Le Palace

Buddha-Bar opens on the Faubourg Saint-Honoré — Raymond Vișan with Claude Challe Buddha-Bar

Prince Alwaleed buys the George V from the Granada Group for a reported $178m Hôtel George V

Benjamin Patou founds Moma Group Caviar Kaspia

Le Meurice joins what becomes the Dorchester Collection Le Meurice

Bernard Arnault and Baron Albert Frère buy Château Cheval Blanc after 166 years in one family Cheval Blanc

Bâoli opens at the Port Canto in Cannes Bâoli

Pierre Hermé and Charles Znaty found Maison Pierre Hermé Paris; the first shop opens in Tokyo Pierre Hermé

Buddha-Bar I released in October, compiled by Claude Challe Buddha-Bar

The George V reopens on 18 December under Four Seasons after a reported $125m rebuild Hôtel George V

Les Sources de Caudalie opens at Château Smith Haut Lafitte — vinotherapy becomes a spa category

Étienne Dolfi, the shop's own supplier, takes over À la Mère de Famille À la Mère de Famille

Paul Canarelli opens Domaine de Murtoli on 2,500 hectares of southern Corsica

Cinq Mondes is founded in Paris on treatments gathered from five continents Cinq Mondes

Jean-Louis and Nathalie Poiroux open the first Cinq Mondes in Paris after eighteen months collecting rituals in a notebook Cinq Mondes

Robuchon opens L'Atelier in Tokyo — the counter as fine dining L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon

Casadelmar opens at Porto-Vecchio to a design by Jean-François Bodin

La Bastide de Gordes opens in the Luberon village

Alain Ducasse buys Benoît and keeps it a bistro Benoît

LVMH opens a hotel at Courchevel and names it after the winery — Cheval Blanc; its restaurant is called 1947, after the château's most famous vintage Cheval Blanc

The Hôtel du Cap accepts credit cards for the first time; televisions follow in 2012 Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc

Cheval Blanc opens its first Maison at Courchevel Cheval Blanc

La Petite Maison opens in London, taking the Niçoise model outward La Petite Maison (LPM)

Guerlain Spa opens, taking a perfume house into hotel treatment rooms Guerlain Spa

Accor takes MGallery to market as a collection of character hotels MGallery Collection

Serge Trigano and Philippe Starck open the first Mama Shelter in Paris Mama Shelter

Le Palace reopens as a theatre Le Palace

Gérald Passédat takes the third star, held since

Michel Reybier opens La Réserve at Ramatuelle to a design by Jean-Michel Wilmotte

Shangri-La opens in Prince Roland Bonaparte's Paris residence

The French State creates the Palace distinction Palace Hotels of France (Distinction Palace)

Les Bains Douches closes Les Bains Douches

Carette opens on the place des Vosges, interiors by Hubert de Givenchy Carette

Stéphane Courbit's LOV Group takes control of Lucien Barrière Barrière

Christian de Portzamparc's cellar opens at Cheval Blanc, shaped like a double-hulled boat, with 52 concrete vats Cheval Blanc

Accor launches Sofitel Legend for its historic houses Sofitel Legend

Stéphane Courbit opens the first Airelles house at Courchevel Airelles

Suzanne and Philippe Capezzone open K2 Altitude at Courchevel K2 Collections, Courchevel

The Experimental Group opens its first hotel, Grand Pigalle in Paris Experimental Hotels

The Collège Culinaire de France is created Collège Culinaire de France

Silencio opens in the former printing works of L'Aurore, designed by David Lynch Silencio

Cédric Grolet joins Le Meurice; Ducasse makes him executive pastry chef two years later Cédric Grolet

Institut de Cuisine Michel Guérard and Café Mère Poule open

Buddha-Bar Hotel opens in Paris, a nightlife brand turned hotel

U Spa opens at the Hôtel Barrière Le Majestic in Cannes U Spa by Barrière

La Plage Casadelmar opens on the Corsican shore

Alain Ducasse opens the Manufacture de Chocolat on the rue de la Roquette Le Chocolat Alain Ducasse

Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah buys the Crillon, reportedly for €250m, and closes it Hôtel de Crillon

Alain Ducasse takes charge of all dining at Le Meurice Le Meurice

Yannick Alléno takes the Pavillon Ledoyen concession Yannick Alléno

SJM signs with Karl Lagerfeld in Paris in March for a hotel he will design entirely, due in 2017 Karl Lagerfeld Hotels & Resorts

Dior Spa opens at the Plaza Athénée Dior Spa

Café Dior opens in Seoul, in the House of Dior building by Christian de Portzamparc Café Dior

Baccarat opens its first hotel on West 53rd Street, hung with its own crystal Baccarat Hotels & Residences

Silvio Denz opens Villa René Lalique in Alsace, beside the glassworks Lalique (Villa René Lalique · Château Hochberg)

Domaine de Fontenille opens at Lauris in the Luberon Domaine de Fontenille

Starwood Capital agrees on 9 February to sell the Baccarat Hotel New York to Sunshine Insurance Group — a month before it opens — and keeps the management Baccarat Hotels & Residences

Baccarat Residences launch in New York Baccarat Residences

Domaine de Fontenille opens at Lauris in a seventeenth-century Luberon estate

Spa Chanel au Ritz opens — the world's first and only Spa Chanel au Ritz

Jean-Michel Lavorel begins assembling the Lavorel hotel group Lavorel Hotels

Emmanuel Sauvage forms the Evok Collection in Paris Evok Collection

Nolinski opens on the avenue de l'Opéra Nolinski

Maison de la Truffe opens its first atelier inside Galeries Lafayette Gourmet Maison de la Truffe

Domaine des Etangs opens in Charente, a medieval estate of a thousand hectares

Les Prés d’Eugénie receives the French Palace distinction; Christine Guérard dies

Maison Troisgros moves to a purpose-built house at Ouches Maison Troisgros

Villa La Coste opens in the Provençal art estate

LOV Group creates Airelles Collection in November Airelles

Didier Gomez’s Givenchy spa opens at the Hôtel Métropole Monte-Carlo Didier Gomez

The Dolfi family buy Stohrer Stohrer

The Crillon reopens after a four-year, €250m restoration, operated by Rosewood Hôtel de Crillon

Cheval Blanc Residences launch Cheval Blanc Residences

Fauchon opens L'Hôtel on the Place de la Madeleine, above its own shop Fauchon L'Hôtel

H8 Collection forms from a group of Italian houses H8 Collection

Oleg Tinkov opens the first La Datcha at Courchevel La Datcha

Royal Champagne opens above Épernay among the vineyards

Fauchon L’Hôtel Paris opens on 1 September on the site of the former Baccarat boutique, in sight of the 1886 shop, replacing the minibar with a Roche Bobois armoire restocked daily Fauchon L'Hôtel

Grolet named World's Best Pastry Chef at the 50 Best and opens La Pâtisserie du Meurice Cédric Grolet

Moma Group takes 75% of Lapérouse in March, with Antoine Arnault as investor Lapérouse Holding

The Pariente family opens Le Coucou at Méribel Maisons Pariente

Alain Ducasse opens Pavyllon, a counter-service dining room at the Plaza Athénée Pavyllon

Alain Ducasse and the Pariente family open Lily of the Valley at Gigaro Lily of the Valley

Lagerfeld dies in Paris in February; SJM says the same week it will finish the hotel bearing his name Karl Lagerfeld Hotels & Resorts

Cheval Blanc takes over La Résidence de la Pinède

Pavillon Ledoyen reaches six stars — the most Michelin-starred independent house in the world Pavillon Ledoyen

Accor launches Emblems Collection Emblems Collection

Karl Lagerfeld Hotels announces its first house in Macau, after the designer's death Karl Lagerfeld Hotels & Resorts

Beaumier is formed from a group of French Alpine and Provençal houses Beaumier

Madame Rêve opens in the former central post office of Paris

Airelles opens Le Grand Contrôle inside the grounds of Versailles

Dassault launches the Falcon 10X on 6 May Dassault Falcon

Café Lapérouse opens at the Hôtel de la Marine, Place de la Concorde Lapérouse Holding

Biologique Recherche replaces Chanel at the Ritz Club Spa Chanel au Ritz

Accor buys Paris Society outright on ~€250m of revenue Paris Society

Cédric Grolet at The Berkeley opens in March — his first house outside Paris Cédric Grolet

La Tour d'Argent reopens on 29 August after a 17-month renovation La Tour d'Argent

Paris Society takes over the operation of Maxim's in November Maxim's de Paris

The Karl Lagerfeld Macau opens — the only hotel in the world wholly designed by him, four years after his death Karl Lagerfeld Hotels & Resorts

Café Lapérouse opens at Raffles London, The OWO ⚑ since closed Lapérouse Holding

Mohamed Al-Fayed dies on 30 August Ritz Paris

Michel Guérard dies at Eugénie-les-Bains on 18 August; the death is announced on 19 August

Ruinart opens the Pavillon Nicolas Ruinart in October — lounges, a champagne bar, a dining room and a terrace Maison Ruinart

De Gourcuff and Paris Society convicted over the Longchamp licence; suspended sentence, February Paris Society

claimed Orient Express announces Silenseas, to be the largest sailing ship in the world Orient Express Silenseas

claimed Le Grand Tour begins running through France Le Grand Tour

L’Orangerie receives a Michelin star, widening the estate’s starred dining system

Patrice de Colmont dies on 11 October, aged 77 Club 55

claimed Orient Express La Dolce Vita begins running on Italian lines Orient Express La Dolce Vita